China Arts & Entertainment
Yu Hua’s Surprising Transformation from Renowned Avant-Garde Writer to Beloved “Scruffy Pup”
Yu Hua’s rise as an online celebrity highlights that Chinese youth value relatability and likability over literary prestige.
Published
11 months agoon
By
Ruixin ZhangOn Chinese social media, Yu Hua has transcended his status as one of China’s most renowned contemporary writers. Surrounded by memes, online jokes, and fans born after 2000, he has emerged as a cultural icon for China’s younger generations.
Not long ago, mentioning Yu Hua (余华) would bring to mind an avant-garde writer known for his literary exploration of human suffering. Recently, however, Yu Hua’s name on the Chinese internet and social media is more and more associated with memes, jokes, and the “scruffy pup” (潦草小狗).
Born in 1960, Yu Hua emerged as one of the renowned Chinese young writers of the later 1980s and 1990s who became known for their avant-garde fiction. Since 1983, Yu has come out with many stories and (short) novels. His most renowned works include the novels To Live (活着, 1993) and Chronicle of a Blood Merchant (许三观卖血记, 1995). His work was translated in many languages and he became the first Chinese writer to receive the James Joyce Award in 2002. Yu Hua recently celebrated the 40th anniversary of his literary debut.
In early 2022, Yu Hua, who seemed to have moved beyond the peak of his writing career, returned to the limelight at a book launch event. However, the focus was not on his own new book but on Fatigue of Life and Death (生死疲劳) by his friend, fellow Chinese author, and Nobel laureate Mo Yan (莫言).
Yu Hua was invited to the event as a guest but attracted attention for how he expressed his admiration for Mo Yan (莫言), using no less than three swear words in a row, basically voicing how “f*cking good” he thought Mo Yan’s work is (“牛逼”, “妈的”, “我操”). The moment went viral as many netizens appreciated how Yu Hua, such an established author, swore like any other enthusiastic ordinary person. He was suddenly very relatable.
The incident led people to explore Yu Hua’s past, finding more examples of his special, down-to-earth kind of humor. Such as when he revealed that people would often mistake him for Mo Yan and how he had gotten use to signing his own name inside Mo Yan’s books.
Another time, Yu Hua casually talked about his author friend Shi Tiesheng (史铁生), who became wheelchair-bound after an accident at 21, and how he made an excellent goalkeeper during football games among writers.
Reflecting on his first day of work, he once humorously shared that he arrived two hours late, only to discover he was the first one there, saying, “It was a sign I’d found the perfect job.”
This kind of light-hearted humor that goes against the grain seems to resonate with Chinese youth, especially at a time when they are facing various social pressures and a growing youth unemployment crisis. Terms like “involution” (nèijuǎn, 内卷), “ugly tired” (lèichǒu, 累丑), and “lying flat” (tǎng píng, 躺平) underscore a sense of collective pessimism.
Many find it refreshing to see a literary master like Yu Hua breaking down his own image and authority and connect with today’s younger generations by going against traditional values. One popular blogger (@十两欢) even referred to Yu Hua as a “therapy for the youth” (“年轻人安抚师”).
As Yu was getting increasingly popular online, a viral video in 2022 compared him to a cute yet somewhat confused dog, with the video suggesting Yu Hua actually looks just like this dog. This led to him being dubbed “the scruffy pup.”
“I’m sorry, Teacher Yu Hua,” the vlogger wrote: “I genuinely love your work and I mean no disrespect, but you [and my dog] really do like look alike.”
Over the past two years, the “scruffy pup” meme has become part of Yu Hua’s online popularity. From Weibo to Bilibili and Xiaohonghu, people comment on his literary work and share inspirational quotes, while also making fun of his personality and relatable approach to life.
One viral gif shows Yu Hua seemingly bored and glassy-eyed during book signing, with many commenters replying that the look in his eyes captures exactly how they feel while at work or school.
Yu Hua himself has indicated that he embraces the ‘scruffy pup’ comparison, though he did clarify that he’s actually a “scruffy dog wearing a suit.”
Yu Hua’s newfound status as a cultural icon for China’s youth is not just visible on social media, it is also visible offline. During his book signing events in Hong Kong and South Korea in 2023, fans reserved all nearby hotel rooms. Some enthusiasts even came prepared with sleeping bags and tents, ensuring they queued up early to secure a chance to meet their idol.
Yu’s popularity is part of a broader trend of Chinese older literary figures becoming part of online youth culture. As recently highlighted by He Qitong at Sixth Tone, both Yu Hua and Mo Yan are examples of literary household names in China who have recently reached online celebrity status after their humorous takes on modern living and literature began to circulate on social media. Their appearances on popular TV shows like “I Read Books on an Island” (我在岛上读书) have further boosted their popularity.
In spring of 2023, Mo Yan went viral for disclosing that he had struggled to create a suitable speech for Yu Hua during the 65th anniversary celebration of the Chinese literary magazine Shouhuo in Shanghai. The Nobel laureate, one of China’s greatest modern-day writers, therefore admitted he had received in help in eventually writing the speech with ChatGPT.
The way Chinese young people are now writing and joking about established writers such as Yu Hua and Mo Yan shows a huge difference from the way people engaged with scholars and literary figures in earlier years. With the rise of social media, netizens were eager to gain knowledge and wisdom from well-known intellectuals, excited about how the internet provided new ways to ask questions and learn from them.
Today’s post-00 generation isn’t primarily seeking profound insights from their literary icons but is rather looking for relatability and likeability. In the case of Yu Hua the scruffy dog’, it is evident that many have found that humor and grounded observations about daily life are the strongest bridges connecting two different generations and the spheres of China’s avant-garde authors and Gen Z social media users.
By Ruixin Zhang and Manya Koetse
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Ruixin is a Leiden University graduate, specializing in China and Tibetan Studies. As a cultural researcher familiar with both sides of the 'firewall', she enjoys explaining the complexities of the Chinese internet to others.
Also Read
Chinese Movies
Why Chinese Hit Movie “Her Story” is ‘Good Stuff’: Stirring Controversy and Celebrating Female Perspectives
China’s end-of-year movie hit, Her Story, is sparking debates and highlighting the rising influence of Chinese female directors.
Published
6 days agoon
December 7, 2024The Chinese comedy-drama Her Story (好东西, literally “Good Stuff”), directed by Shao Yihui (邵艺辉), has been gaining attention and sparking discussions on Weibo since its late November release in mainland China.
The film features an all-star cast including Song Jia (宋佳), Zhong Chuxi (钟楚曦), Zeng Mumei (曾慕梅), Zhao Youting (赵又廷), and Zhang Yu (章宇). It tells a quirky yet heartfelt story about two women: Wang Tiemei (王铁梅), a self-reliant single mom juggling life and work, and Xiao Ye (小叶), a free-spirited young woman navigating her chaotic relationships.
Their friendship begins when Xiao Ye starts babysitting Tiemei’s nine-year-old daughter, Wang Moli (王茉莉). Xiao Ye introduces her drummer friend, Xiao Ma (小马), to teach Moli how to play the drums, but Xiao Ma’s presence stirs jealousy in Tiemei’s unemployed ex-husband, who schemes to regain his place in the family. Blending humor with poignant insights, the film explores themes of imperfect love, friendship, and the messy process of rebuilding lives.
The film also addresses a range of hot societal issues through dialogues woven into everyday interactions, touching on topics like menstruation stigma, sexual consent, feminism, and how family dynamics can impact personal development.
In just eight days, Her Story surpassed 300 million RMB ($41 million) at the Chinese box office (#好东西票房破3亿#). Two days later, on December 2, it exceeded 400 million RMB (#好东西票房破4亿#), and on December 7 news came out that it had surpassed the 500 million RMB ($68.7 million) mark at the box office.
The film also achieved an impressive 9.1/10 rating on Douban, a Chinese platform similar to IMDb, making it the highest-rated domestic film on Douban in 2024.
Notably, 65.4% of voters awarded it five stars, while only 0.5% gave it one star.
Conflicting Views: From Feminist Film to Chick Flick
Despite its huge success, it is almost unavoidable for a movie this big to come without controversy. The film sparked debate on Hupu (虎扑), a platform focused on sports and men’s lifestyle, where it received a lower score of 5/10. While 33.1% of users gave it five stars, 58.4% rated it one star, reflecting divided opinions.
Much of the criticism comes from male viewers who feel the film undermines men by portraying them in non-traditional ways and omitting proper names for male characters, such as referring to the ex-husband only as “the ex-husband” (前夫). On the other hand, many female viewers resonate with the film’s female-centered perspective, with one scene blending household sounds and Xiao Ye’s recordings praised as a standout cinematic moment of 2024.
Interestingly, not all women appreciated the film either. A Weibo user, identified as a female scriptwriter for two Chinese TV dramas, emphasized that most of the producers of the film are male. She accused the director of hypocrisy, claiming Shao accepts money and resources from privileged men to create films that encourage female audiences to look down on average men.
She wrote, “I hope that everyone who believes in the ‘ghg’ [girl help girl] myth and supports female idols will also congratulate the male producers who will earn a lot of money from the film.”
Zhou Liming (周黎明), one of China’s most influential film critics, noted two extreme perspectives in film reviews. Some critics label the film as a “boxer film” (拳师电影) or an “extreme feminist film.”
However, the film itself suggests otherwise, as reflected in Moli’s line, “I don’t want to box,” when her father tries to convince her to take up boxing. Some audiences interpreted the line as rejecting extreme feminist messages.
In China, the term “boxer” (拳师) is used to critique certain feminists. The second character in the word for feminists (“权” [quán] in 女权主义者) is pronounced the same as the first character in “boxer” (“拳” [quán] in 拳师). This term often mocks behaviors seen as overly aggressive or lacking nuance in feminist discourse, such as avoiding dialogue or oversimplifying social issues.
Some also dismissed the film as a “chick flick,” a casual term for romantic comedies, which Zhou argued unfairly minimizes its significance. He likened the film to Woody Allen’s Annie Hall, suggesting that, much like Allen’s work, Her Story transcends gender differences and reflects the cultural zeitgeist of its time.
Despite the controversy, the film has been praised by notable figures like actor Zhang Ruoyun (张若昀), who called it “super good, super awesome, and super cute” (“超级好、超级牛、超级可爱的东西”). Zhang described the movie as tackling absurd yet realistic issues from a female perspective with humor and depth.
The Increasing Influence of Female Directors in China
At the end of Her Story, Tiemei’s daughter, Moli, nervously prepares for her first drum performance. Despite her hesitation, she gathers her courage and steps on stage. This moment reminded some viewers of a similar scene in another female-directed film this year, YOLO (麻辣滚烫), where the protagonist gears up for a boxing match.
YOLO is a 2024 comedy-drama directed by Jia Ling (贾玲), starring Jia Ling and Lei Jiayin (雷佳音). A comedic adaptation of the Japanese film 100 Yen Love (2014), it tells the story of Du Leying (杜乐莹), a woman facing personal struggles who turns to boxing after meeting coach Hao Kun (昊坤). Through her journey, she finds a new direction in life after their breakup. Grossing USD 496 million worldwide, YOLO became the highest-grossing Chinese film of 2024.
These parallels between Her Story and YOLO highlight a broader trend: the growing prominence of female directors in Chinese cinema. Beyond the discussions of plot and central themes, Her Story reflects the increasing success and influence of women filmmakers in the industry.
In 2024, female directors have made a notable impact on Chinese cinema, with their films achieving both critical acclaim and box office success. Their works also spark conversations about the need for more diverse perspectives in the industry.
The Last Frenzy (末路狂花钱), directed by Wu Rina (乌日娜), premiered on May 1. This comedy follows Jia Youwei (贾有为), a man diagnosed with a terminal illness, who decides to sell his assets and live fully with his friends. Despite mixed reviews and a Douban score of 5.9, the film grossed over 700 million RMB ($96 million) by May 31, becoming a major box office hit.
Stand By Me (野孩子, literally “Wild Kids”), directed by Yin Ruoxin (殷若昕), premiered on September 13. Starring Wang Junkai (王俊凯), it tells the story of two neglected children, Ma Liang (马亮) and Xuan Xuan (轩轩), who form a makeshift family while facing life’s challenges. With a Douban rating of 6.7, the film grossed 241 million RMB by October 9.
Like A Rolling Stone (出走的决心, literally “The Determination to Leave”), directed by Yin Lichuan (尹丽川), premiered the same week as Stand By Me. Inspired by Su Min (苏敏), a 50-year-old woman who embarked on a solo road trip, the film explores themes of self-discovery and the struggles of neglected women. Featuring Yong Mei (咏梅), the film earned praise for its authenticity, achieving a Douban score of 8.8 and grossing over 123 million RMB.
To the Wonder (我的阿勒泰, literally “My Altay”), a film-like TV drama directed by Teng Congcong (滕丛丛), adapts Li Juan’s (李娟) memoir. Starring Ma Yili (马伊琍), it tells the story of Li Wenxiu (李文秀), a young woman finding her place in her hometown of Altay after setbacks in the big city. Known for its poetic storytelling and portrayal of ethnic harmony, the series has a Douban score of 8.9 from over 300,000 ratings, ranking among the top dramas of 2024.
“An Era Where Women Are Being Seen”
The growing influence of female directors has sparked discussions about how women’s perspectives are challenging traditional storytelling.
Some Weibo users compared a scene from Her Story, where Tiemei scolds a man for urinating roadside, to a similar moments in YOLO. In YOLO, Hao Kun’s attempt to urinate roadside is humorously interrupted by car headlights. Such scenes highlight how female directors reinterpret everyday behaviors, inviting audiences to question societal norms.
Her Story has already been released in several countries, including the United States, Australia, Germany, and the United Kingdom, with more international releases to follow.
The success of Her Story, the conversations it inspires, and its contribution to highlighting female perspectives in film reflect the evolving dynamics of contemporary cinema and the strengthening of female voices in traditionally male-dominated industries.
On Weibo, many view this as a positive development. One commenter wrote:
“Her Story [好东西/”Good Stuff”] is truly ‘good stuff.’ (..) At the start of this year, I watched YOLO, and at the end of this year, I watched Her Story. Suddenly, I feel very grateful to live in this era—the era where women are gradually being ‘seen.’ Both films hold very special meaning for me. It feels like everything has come together perfectly. I hope to see more outstanding works from female directors in the future, and I look forward to an era where there’s no gender opposition, only mutual equality.”
By Wendy Huang
Follow @whatsonweibo
Edited for clarity by Manya Koetse
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China Arts & Entertainment
Chiung Yao’s Suicide Farewell Letter: An English Translation
Published
6 days agoon
December 7, 2024Chinese netizens mourned the passing of Taiwanese writer Chiung Yao (琼瑶) this week. Chiung Yao, one of China’s most beloved romance novelists, passed away at the age of 86.
Among her many works, Chiung Yao is cherished by many netizens in mainland China as part of their collective memories from the 1980s and 1990s. Some of the most iconic Chinese dramas, such as My Fair Princess (also: Return of the Pearl Princess, 還珠格格), were written by Chiung Yao.
On December 4, she was found on her sofa at home, leaving behind a suicide note. The cause of death was determined to be asphyxiation due to carbon monoxide poisoning.
In her farewell letter to loved ones and fans, she wrote the following:
“To all my dear friends:
Do not cry, do not grieve, and do not feel sad for me. I have already fluttered away [翩然 piānrán] effortlessly.
I love the word “翩然” [piānrán]. It represents flying in the air independently, easily, and freely. Elegantly and gracefully, I have shed the body that gradually caused me pain and have ‘fluttered away,’ transforming into snowflakes flying into the sky.
This was my wish. “Death” is a journey everyone must take—it is the final significant event in life. I did not want to leave it to fate, nor did I want to wither away slowly. I wanted to have the final say in this final event.
God has not designed the process of life particularly well. When a person grows old, they have to go through a very painful period of ‘becoming weak, degeneration, illness, hospitalization, treatment, and fatal illness.’ This period, may it be long or short, is a tremendous torment for those who are destined to grow old and die! Worst of all, some may become bedridden, dependent on tubes for survival. I have witnessed such tragedies, and I do not want that kind of “death.”
I am a “spark,” and I have already burned as brightly as I could. Now, before the flame finally dims, I have chosen this way to make a light departure. I have recorded everything I wish to say in my video “When Snowflakes Fall Down” (当雪花飘落). I hope my friends can watch it a few times to grasp everything I wanted to express.
Friends, do not mourn my death but smile for me! The beauty of life lies in the ability to love, hate, laugh, cry, sing, speak, run, move, be together until death parts us, live freely, despise evil with a passion, and live life boldly. I have experienced all these things in my lifetime! I truly ‘lived’ and did not waste this life.
What I find hardest to let go of are my family and all of you. “Love” is what is tightly bound to my heart, and I am reluctant to part with you. To allow my soul (if humans even have souls) to also ‘flutter away,’ please laugh for me, sing loudly for me, and dance in the breeze for me! My spirit in the heavens will dance together with you!
Farewell, my dearest ones! I am grateful for this life, where I had the chance to meet and know you all.
Take note of the way I died: I was at the final station of my life! For those of you who are still young, never give up on life lightly. Momentary setbacks or blows may be the “training” for a beautiful life. I hope you will be able to endure those, as I did, and live to 86, 87.. years old. When your physical strength fades, then decide how to face death. By then, perhaps they will have found more humane ways to help the elderly “leave joyfully.”
Dear friends, be brave, be the greatest version of yourself. Do not waste your journey through this world! Though this world is not perfect, it is filled with unexpected joys, sorrows, and laughter. Don’t miss out on all the wonders out there for you.
There are a thousand more things to say, but in the end, I wish everyone health, happiness, and a life of freedom and joy.”
This translation was previsously published on my X channel here.
By Manya Koetse
(follow on X, LinkedIn, or Instagram)
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