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Op-Ed: Your Use of “Netizen” Hurts Responsible China Coverage

It’s not innocent jargon. Not anymore.

Anita Perdita

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Far from innocent jargon, the word ‘netizen’ has political implications in its use today and should not be casually tossed around, says Beijing-based journalist Dave Yin. In this op-ed contribution, Yin responds to our recent article “Netizens or Not?“

It’s unlikely that when internet theorist and author Michael F. Hauben coined the word “netizen” more than thirty years ago, he would have imagined that, one day, on the other side of the world, a few handfuls of Western reporters and media critics covering China would be divided: in one camp applauding and in the other cursing his creation. It’s equally unlikely he’d recognize at first glance what his word has come to mean in 2018 – and to whom.

Common thought is that whether or not “netizen” should be used, and what it means, are at the heart of this debate, which by now spans publications both big and small, free and censored. It hasn’t gotten us anywhere.

But in view of China’s escalation of online policing and digital surveillance, the concept of “netizen” is evolving, as must its coverage in Western media. Far from innocent jargon, the word today has political implications and a growing potential for harm, one Western media must recognize if it is to conduct responsible reporting.

 

A Western interpretation

 

When considering the word “netizen,” it helps to know what one is talking about. Namely, pick a definition, and stick with it.

Scenario A)

One clear-cut definition offered by the Atlantic designates a unique identity; young, wealthy, educated Chinese urbanites and/or politically active individuals in online communities adept at skirting censorship.

Here, simple protocol applies. Writers using “netizen” must first make sure the subjects of their story actually match this description. Then, they must assess whether these complex socioeconomic and political elements are evident in this word. Hint: they’re not.  Inevitably, writers should be explaining these elements to accompany the use of this term in each article it appears in. Anything short of this is incomplete reporting.

Scenario B)

If broadly defined to be a synonym to “Chinese internet users,” as is more often the case, then several questions emerge: Why do Chinese internet users need a special label in the first place? Why is “Chinese internet user” inadequate when this type of terminology works for everyone else? If research (paywall) suggests the online habits of Chinese are similar to the rest of us, what are we trying to accomplish by othering them?

 

Self-applied labels

 

In advocacy reporting, we try to respect a person’s self-applied labels, such as with race or sexual orientation, so I appreciate the irony when I say that just because Chinese people call themselves “netizens” doesn’t necessarily mean we should.

Be it when describing race, sexual orientation, disability, etc. there is a general effort to use terminology that centers the person, and not the circumstance, which is often complex. “Person with impaired vision,” “a cisgender gay man,” “the woman, who identifies as a second-generation Filipino immigrant,” “individuals claiming to be members of the Anonymous collective” are infinitely better than “the blind,” “the gay,” “the Filipino,” “Anonymous.” In pieces where nuance and individuals matter, these words do more than fill up space.

“Netizen,” as it is currently used, erases both.

What’s more, these often political labels emerged in societies with freedom of association where one makes a statement simply by publicly identifying. By contrast, what does it mean to label yourself with something as vague and abstract as “netizen” in a society that doesn’t allow such freedom, and what effect does it have when Western media take up this cause?

 

A Chinese strategy

 

The self-applied label argument is also unsound when you consider that “netizen” is actually a mistranslation of the word “wǎngmín” (网民).

In wǎngmín 人民 (people), nóngmín 农民 (farmer), jūmín 居民 (resident), yímín 移民 (migrant), yúmín 渔民 (fisherman), and míngē 民歌 (folk song), “mín” 民 simply means “people,” without any “citizen” connotation, and therefore “wǎngmín” 网民 really just means “internet people/people on the internet.”

In other words, “netizen” and “wǎngmín” are faux amis. It’s a mistake that Western media has allowed to proliferate and one that we must now contend with.

While the use of the English word by ordinary Chinese and private Chinese media could boil down to guileless ignorance towards English nuance, by contrast, “wǎngmín,” when applied by the Chinese government and its mouthpieces, is part of deliberate national policy. As described by Manya Koetse in her analysis, the Chinese term is an official category of Chinese nationals on which the CCP imposes severe restrictions.

What ramifications are there for Western media in not consciously decoupling these wildly different interpretations by different actors? By casually tossing the word around, do we not run the risk of normalizing Chinese internet policy?

While we, working in the Far East, may feel at times that our work is isolated, it should be noted that people are, in fact, reading, for better or worse.

“[‘Netizen’] has been used when reporting on China for a decade+ [sic] in order to relieve journalists of understanding what they’re reporting on,” one Reddit user (Western netizen?) writes. “Today it is a lazy way to assume all internet users in China think the same way by f*cking lazy journalists.”

“Netizen” may well stick around. China’s emerging digital policies have all but ensured it. But we owe it to our readers and the people we cover to get with the program, to evolve our terminology and critical judgment at the same pace as the subject matter.

We need to understand that the benefits of its selective, judicious use, as a result of explicit purpose, come from highlighting and decoding China’s socioeconomic and political situation, not from generalizing 772 million individuals, and least of all from othering them or normalizing their constraints. It may help everyone’s understanding of this country, including our own.

By Dave Yin

Spotted a mistake or want to add something? Please let us know in comments below or email us.

©2018 Whatsonweibo. All rights reserved. Do not reproduce our content without permission – you can contact us at info@whatsonweibo.com.

Dave Yin is a Beijing-based Canadian reporter covering Chinese policy, tech and identity. Previously he covered North American IT and LGBT topics. Visit his website here and follow at: @yindavid.

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China Trend Watch

China Trend Watch: Digital Dementia and Why Everyone Says ‘Li Na’

In this edition: Why Chinese netizens are talking about “digital dementia,” a viral Shenyang cleaner, the tragic Yading hike, and the reality TV meme taking over everyone’s feed.

Manya Koetse

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Originally published in the Eye on Digital China newsletter on Sunday, November 8, 2026.

Welcome back to China Trend Watch, my regular tour through the latest trends, memes, and debates driving conversation across Chinese social media. After a few deeper dives in the previous newsletters, I’d like to give you a quicker roundup of what’s been happening this time as we kick off the new week.

In this edition:

⚡ Lighter scrolls: A viral shopping mall cleaner & making unpopular studies great again.

🌍 Serious scrolls: A possible Xi–Trump–Putin meeting in Shenzhen??

📱 On the Feed: Everyone’s saying Li Na.

🀄 Word of the Week: Digital dementia.

 


 

⚡ QUICK SCROLLS

 

—The Lighter Side—

 

🦴 A new Chinese university college is entirely dedicated to unpopular studies. By launching its new “obscure and dying fields of study” college (冷门绝学), the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences hopes to preserve and revive research directions such as oracle-bone studies, bamboo-and-silk manuscript studies, Manchu, Tangut, and Old Turkic.

🏠 An apartment in Hegang was sold for just 11 yuan ($1.65) as part of a special Singles’ Day promotional auction on Alibaba’s asset auction platform Ali Asset (阿里资产). Singles’ Day (Nov 11) is China’s largest online shopping festival and often features doorbuster deals. The lucky new owner of the 60-plus-square-meter flat in Hegang says he will not move to the coal city, but will use it as a holiday home instead.

🗓️ 2027 is called “the most comfortable year” after the holiday arrangements for next year were released. China’s holiday design has been somewhat of a national obsession over recent years, and the Year of the Goat is going to be a good one: it will see a “longest-ever” Spring Festival break of nine consecutive days from Feb 5–Feb 13. New Year’s Day and Qingming fall on a Friday and Monday, giving people three days off twice without any swaps or make-up workdays. Some netizens call it “a step toward better holidays.”

Chen Jingfu, the viral shopping mall cleaner from Shenyang

Chen Jingfu (陈景福), the cleaner from Shenyang who went viral across Chinese social media for looking like an actor.

🧹 A 55-year-old shopping mall cleaner in Shenyang has become a viral hit after netizens noticed his striking looks and reserved demeanor – making him look more like a famous actor than a sanitation worker. It happens quite regularly that ordinary people go viral in China for something small, like a special look or funny style. The unexpected fame can put a serious strain on their lives. This time, the cleaner named Chen Jingfu (陈景福) isn’t doing sponsorship deals or livestreaming, but he did open a social media account. It’s called “Shenyang Cleaner Uncle” (沈阳保洁大叔) and features him wiping windows and mopping floors.

🤖 China’s most famous livestreamer, Li Jiaqi, used to sell lipsticks; now he’s selling AI tokens. During one of his Singles’ Day livestreams this past week, Li sold more than 100,000 membership cards for Alibaba’s Qwen model within thirty minutes. It’s a sign of the times: “tokens” have entered China’s biggest shopping festival as a new category, and are quickly becoming as popular as cosmetics and fashion.

 

—On a More Serious Note—

 

🌍 A first Xi–Trump–Putin meeting would not be a “Yalta 2.0,” argues Hu Xijin. China’s Foreign Ministry has confirmed that it is discussing a possible historic meeting of Xi Jinping, Vladimir Putin, and Donald Trump. The meeting could take place on the sidelines of the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting, which is scheduled for Nov. 18–19 in Shenzhen. Some have compared such a meeting to a “new Yalta,” but Chinese political commentator Hu Xijin (胡锡进) has pushed back. He argues that while Putin and Trump may have great-power politics in mind, China opposes letting a few major powers decide the world’s future.

🇯🇵 A year after Takaichi’s explosive Taiwan remarks, Sino-Japanese relations are still seriously strained. This week, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun (郭嘉昆) said Japan is entirely responsible for the problematic bilateral relations. Hostile Japan coverage in Chinese media was also noticeable in the state media’s reports on a Japanese academic who called Takaichi’s cabinet “unprecedentedly dangerous” and blamed the Japanese Prime Minister for deliberately stirring up anti-Chinese feelings among the public for her own benefit.

📹 A reporter’s undercover investigation into the black market for tōupāi (偷拍, secret filming through spycams and more) has put a national figure on this voyeurism network for the first time: it is estimated that roughly 140,000 women have been secretly filmed in public bathrooms, changing rooms, or hotels across China. Victims include primary school students, with footage of minors reportedly selling at 5–10 times the price of adults.

⛰️ “Everyone watched him walk towards his death.” The death of a 21-year-old hiker on the Yading Grand Loop, at an altitude of more than 4,500 meters, has sparked online discussions on the risks people take on unofficial hiking routes and the heavy burden this places on those who have to rescue them. The man from Guangxi died of severe altitude sickness and hypothermia in spite of the rescue operation that was set up to save him, involving a nine-person team of firefighters, doctors, and guides.

🇭🇰 Joshua Wong, face of the 2019 Hong Kong pro-democracy protests, was sentenced to another 10 years in prison on November 5 for “collusion with foreign forces.” Wong, held since November 2020, has served time for protest-related offenses and “conspiracy to subvert state power.” The new sentence adds to the time he’s already serving. While this new sentence is drawing widespread condemnation in the West and also sees (quiet) solidarity in greater China, many on Chinese social media are also gloating, seeing Wong as a traitor and spy.

 


 

📱 ON MY FEED

 

Everyone’s Saying “Li Na”

 

Not just on my feed, but practically everywhere, is Mango TV’s Hou Hui You Qi (后会友期). The Mango TV reality show, titled I Miss You in English, is creating a lot of noise on Chinese social media these days. The show follows four pairs of former friends, well-known celebrities who drifted apart through misunderstandings or controversy. During a trip through nature, they confront what went wrong.

One moment already ingrained in collective digital memory is the conversation between singer-songwriter Xu Fei (许飞) and singer/actress Li Na (厉娜), who became friends during the 2006 season of Super Girl (超女).

The line on everyone’s feeds is “I’ve drawn my own prison, Li Na” (我画地为牢啊,厉娜). Xu Fei says it when talking about how she just can’t move on from their friendship after all these years. Xu was blamed for leaking Li Na’s plans to leave her management company many years ago. Although the scene was emotional, Li Na didn’t really get what Xu meant. Back in her room, she was filmed asking AI, “What does it mean to ‘draw your own prison’?” and then she ordered McDonald’s.

It’s turned into a goldmine for memes, and suddenly everyone’s joking about being in their own self-drawn prison. The sentence “Xu Fei draws her own prison, Li Na eats McDonald’s” also became shorthand for one person overthinking everything in life while the other one just quickly jumps to everyday practicalities.

Because Xu Fei ended almost every sentence with “Li Na,” people started adding “Li Na” to their own sentences to make them sound deeper. Even a simple “I’m off work” sounds better when it’s “I’m off work, Li Na.”

Xu also recalled how she and Li Na, during their Super Girl days, would sit in their hotel room watching TV and eating duck tongue snacks together, a habit Li taught her to appreciate. After fans tracked down the brand, it quickly sold out all across China.

Viral social media posts claim an office worker even lost his job due to the meme. He set his WeChat status to “I’m drawing my own prison on Monday” (我画地为牢啊,周一). His manager read it as a negative attitude toward work and dismissed him.

A good reminder to be careful about what you post online, Li Na.

 


 

🀄 WORD OF THE WEEK

 

Doomscrolling and “Digital Dementia”

 

手机痴呆症: shǒujī chīdāi zhèng, “phone dementia”

数码痴呆症: shùmǎ chīdāi zhèng, “digital dementia”

The word of the week is “digital dementia” (数码痴呆症), also called “smartphone dementia” (手机痴呆症).

The topic reached number one on Weibo’s hot search list after Fuzhou Evening News reported that a 25-year-old woman from Fuzhou was diagnosed with “digital dementia” after using her phone for more than ten hours a day.

The woman reportedly spent days video-scrolling and drama-watching on her phone, while also scrolling on her phone for work, and ended up having more and more memory problems. She would lose her train of thought mid-sentence or forget tasks right after her boss assigned them. Once, when she got home from work, she even forgot which floor she lived on.

At the hospital, tests showed noticeable declines in memory and attention, but the other results were normal. Taking her work and phone habits into account, her doctor then described her symptoms as “digital dementia.”

Although this is not an official medical diagnosis and is very much different from actual types of dementia such as Alzheimer’s, spending too much time scrolling and screen watching can seriously interfere with attention and memory, with heavier short-video use being associated with poorer recognition memory and doomscrolling linked to anxiety and distress.

Other recent related online discussions are about the short drama app Hongguo (红果), which trended after users complained that the app’s design is addictive. They say it’s filled with short drama snippets with dramatic twists and cliffhangers, leading to constant dopamine stimulation that leaves them feeling mentally drained and “unable to stop” once they start.

This kind of digital behavior, especially in a year when short (AI) drama apps skyrocketed in popularity, also helps explain why “digital dementia” resonates with Chinese netizens who have noticed their own cognitive decline after excessive phone use.

“If that’s what 10 hours does to you, what am I supposed to do? I clock at least 13 a day,” one Weibo user commented.

On Xiaohongshu, another user wrote, “I get off work at five, get home at five-thirty, and spend the whole time on my phone until midnight.”

“I came back from a ten-day business trip and couldn’t remember what floor my office was on,” another Xiaohongshu user shared. Someone replied, “That’s happened to me, too. I hadn’t been to the office for a few days, and when I got in the elevator, I couldn’t remember what floor it was on.”

 


 

🔗 SEEN ELSEWHERE

🔹 Who owns a voice? As AI-generated voices become common, what remains uniquely human? When AI Learns to Speak, by Li Hang in Global Times.

🔹 China and Europe still need each other. This CASS scholar argues that as transatlantic relations face renewed strains and the international order shifts, China and Europe have strong reasons to deepen dialogue and cooperation. Via The East Is Read.

🔹 The danger of being a livestreamer in China. When a fan thinks he owns you, online entitlement can morph into real-world violence. By Lina Ma in The Diplomat.

🔹 War of words over Xinjiang erupts between Chinese and Turkish social media users. An explanation of how the debate over ethnic identity in Xinjiang has triggered an online clash between Chinese and Turkish social media users, by Laura Zhou in South China Morning Post.

🔹 Why Taipei said no to Pursuit Of Jade star Zhang Linghe. An explanation of how Chinese idol Zhang Linghe was denied entry to Taiwan after “belittling” Taiwan’s status. Via The Straits Times.

 


 

That’s a wrap, see you soon in the next one. Until then, have a great start to your week!

Best,

Manya

 


 

Eye on Digital China, by Manya Koetse, is co-published on Substack and What’s on Weibo. Both feature the same new content — so you can read and subscribe wherever you prefer. Substack offers community features, while What’s on Weibo provides full archive access.

Spotted a mistake or want to add something? Please let us know in comments below or email us. First-time commenters, please be patient – we will have to manually approve your comment before it appears.

©2026 Eye on Digital China/Whatsonweibo. All rights reserved. Do not reproduce our content without permission – you can contact us at info@whatsonweibo.com.

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China Insight

Mbappé, Mao, and the Joke That Shall Not Be Named

Mbappé’s favorite Mao meme sparked major backlash in China. More on what the controversy reveals about political red lines, online humor, and censorship.

Manya Koetse

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RESOU 热搜 | What’s Trending in China, Explained

Here, I briefly unpack the stories making waves on Chinese social media and share what stands out to me. Don’t miss an update: become a subscriber to Eye on Digital China today.

Oh oh oh, Mbappé, all those goals, yet you lost so many points on Chinese social media over the past 48 hours.

Following his 100th goal for Real Madrid during El Clásico and finishing second on Ballon d’Or night, French football player Mbappé is all the talk on Chinese social media — not for his achievements, but for what is seen as crossing a major red line in an online interview.

On Tuesday night, a text came in from Ruixin: “I am wide awake tonight and somehow witnessed live how the footballer Kylian Mbappé was getting blocked and totally canceled on Chinese social media for his comments about Mao Zedong over the past, like, three hours 😅”

I quickly grabbed my phone and saw the flood of Mbappé posts rapidly coming in, and it was clear that people were very cross with him.

Although it was already clear that this might not blow over any time soon, by early Wednesday morning it became painfully clear how the controversy had snowballed. Dongpeng Beverage Group (东鹏), one of the many Chinese companies that signed the famous sportsman as its brand ambassador, publicly stated that it was cutting all commercial ties with Mbappé. Soon, others followed.

Dongpeng Beverage Group (东鹏): the first in a string of companies to cut ties with French footballer Kylian Mbappé.

Mbappé’s fall from grace in China has been sudden and spectacular, like a major avalanche of backlash that unfolded in one night, and it can all be traced back to one segment of an interview the footballer previously did on a French YouTube show (The Bridge) that resurfaced online — initially through Reddit and X, and then on Chinese social media apps, like football platform Dongqiudi (懂球帝).

In that segment, when asked about his favorite meme, Mbappé replied that one of the memes he finds funniest is:

🗣️ “the one where they put my face on some guy, a Chinese dictator. That really makes me laugh, I use it with my friends all the time.”

The interview segment where Mbappé shares his favorite meme: his face photoshopped onto the face of a “Chinese dictator.”

The show, created by Mbappé’s Real Madrid teammate Aurélien Tchouaméni, added the image Mbappé referred to: his face photoshopped on a Mao propaganda visual. It’s part of a series of memes that emerged in 2024 in which Mbappé’s face is edited onto the faces of dictators.1

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