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The Dark World of Dongguan’s Beggar Gangs

Begging has been a social problem in China for decades. The recent anti-vice crackdown in Dongguan has unexpectedly directed netizens’ attention to the problem of forced begging.

Manya Koetse

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“This news is much more relevant than China’s anti-pornography campaign!” A netizen sends out a message through Weixin about the illegal practices of China’s beggar groups. The issue has become a much-shared topic amongst netizens over the past two months; bringing the current situation of Dongguan beggar gangs into connection with the governmental campaign against pornography because of the major crackdown on brothels in the city in earlier this year. While the government is directing serious attention to the city’s sex industry, a “much more important” issue is taking place in the underground networks of Dongguan, where criminals earn money by forcing innocent people on the streets to beg. The news became a hot topic amongst Weixin users after Hong-Kong based Phoenix TV brought an inside story in its ‘The State of Society’ show (社会能见度) on how beggar groups in Dongguan will go so far as to mutilate healthy children in order to make them appear more helpless and thus receive more money on the streets: “the more miserable, the better” (Fenghuang 2014).

Dongguan, a city in the south of China with eight million inhabitants, is commonly known as China’s ‘sin city’ or ‘sex capital’.

 

dongguan-guangdong

 

The city received nationwide attention when the government put a halt to its large-scale sex industry in the wake of the 2014 anti-vice campaign. One online blogger took this moment to write an article on Dongguan and its beggars, telling the personal story of how his uncle Lu Jianqiu went missing in the city in 2000. It was not until ten years later, in September 2010, that Lu was seen once again by family-member Lu Xiaoyan (aunt). Lu Jianqiu had become a handicapped man, begging on a street corner in a lively neighbourhood of Dongguan. When he called out to Lu Xiaoyan, he was immediately taken away by a group of men. Afterwards, they threatened to kill Lu Xiaoyan if she would meddle in their business. This story brought Phoenix TV to Dongguan, reporting on the current situation. Through interviews, the investigative team discovered the existence of a dark world were beggar groups abduct innocent adults and children, mutilating them in order to beg on the streets and win the sympathy of people. According to the report, there is an entire underground network where beggar groups can “rent” or “purchase” handicapped or deformed people, including children, to work for them as beggars (Fenghuang 2014).

 

beggar-

A reconstruction of the encounter with Lu Jianqiu on a streetcorner in Dongguan, by Phoenix TV.
 

It is not the first time netizens cry out for governmental action on the practices of (child) beggar groups. China’s illegal beggar practices have surfaced in news reports at different times over the past years. The problem received attention as the Olympics were coming close in 2007. In 2011, Chinasmack reported how people joined in an online effort to rescue exploited child beggars. The World of Chinese ran a story in 2013 on vagrants in Beijing ‘renting’ children to beg. Nevertheless, the human trafficking that is part of this begging industry is a social problem on the increase (Jiang&Sanchez 2013). Physically disabled people are still forced to beg on a daily basis; they are being sold or rented as props.

In the meantime, Dongguan authorities have responded to the Phoenix TV show and the (social) media attention by promising to investigate the issue. As reported, they are making “special plans” to help police prevent gang leaders from forcing victims into beggary (Zheng 2014). As for the case of Lu Jianqiu- his current whereabouts remain unknown. If he still alive, he will turn 35 this year. In this particular case, the local government’s probe into the matter might be too little, too late.

 

A short report on the Phoenix TV investigation can be viewed here (in Chinese):

 

 
References 
Fenghuang Weishi 凤凰卫视 [Phoenix TV]. 2014. “东莞“丐帮”调查:健康幼童被断腿越惨越赚钱 [Inside Story on Dongguan ‘Beggar Groups’ – Healthy Children with Broken Legs – The More Miserable, The Better].” Ifeng News (March 18) http://news.ifeng.com/society/shnjd/detail_2014_03/18/34885540_0.shtml (Accessed May 26, 2014). 
Jiang Quanbao and Jesus J. Sanchez-Barricarte. 2013. “Child Trafficking in China.” China Report 49(3): 317-335. 
Phillips, Tom. 2013. “Inside Dongguan, China’s Sin City.” The Telegraph (May 1) http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/10030014/Inside-Dongguan-Chinas-Sin-City.html (Accessed May 26, 2014). 
WeixinSource: bit.ly/1tGKc31 (Accessed May 26, 2014).  
Zheng Caixiong. 2014. “Reports of Forces Child-Begging Probed.” China Daily (March 20) http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2014-03/20/content_17362607.htm (Accessed May 26, 2014). 
Images 
http://www.redflag.info/dongguan.htm
http://www.thenanfang.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/beggar-.jpg 
P.S. 

The word used for ‘beggar gangs’ is ’丐帮‘ (gaibang). Many netizens seek to stride against this social problem by acting as ‘citizen journalists’ (‘拍客‘-paike), making videos of beggar practiceswith their mobile phones. Some netizens claim to have seen how child-beggars are taken to the street by a mini-van at 7.00am, and are not picked up until 23.00pm. 

 

[box type=”bio”]

koetse.148x200About the Author: Manya Koetse is the editor of What’s on Weibo. She’s a Sinologist who splits her time between the Netherlands and China. She earned her bachelor’s degrees in Literary Studies, Japanese & China Studies and completed her MPhil in Asian Studies. Contact: manya@whatsonweibo.com, or follow on Twitter.[/box]

Manya Koetse is a sinologist, writer, and public speaker specializing in China’s social trends, digital culture, and online media ecosystems. She founded What’s on Weibo in 2013 and now runs the Eye on Digital China newsletter. Learn more at manyakoetse.com or follow her on X, Instagram, or LinkedIn.

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Chapter Dive

Red Carpet, Pandas, and Power: How China Read the Trump-Xi Summit

On Chinese social media, Washington’s red-carpet reception wasn’t just diplomacy but read as recognition of China’s restored status on the global stage.

Manya Koetse

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Originally published in the Eye on Digital China newsletter on Sunday, September 27, 2026. Want to receive the next edition in your inbox? Become a paid subscriber here.

 

The past week was all about the Trump-Xi meeting in Washington. On mainstream Chinese social media feeds, much of the focus wasn’t on what was discussed, who gained what, or what was promised. It was about: How was China welcomed? How far did they go? How exceptional was the reception? And what does this say about China’s status as a major power on the world stage today?

Symbolic moments mattered more than strategic talks. Within that framework, President Trump, along with First Lady Melania Trump, hit the right notes.

The US visit by Xi Jinping and First Lady Peng Liyuan began on Wednesday (Sep 23), with Donald Trump and the First Lady personally welcoming them at Joint Base Andrews, a highly unusual move. Presidents typically receive foreign leaders at the White House; in recent decades, airport welcomes at Andrews have been reserved almost exclusively for popes. The last comparable presidential welcome was Kennedy’s 1962 greeting of British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan, a particularly close US ally at the time.

Wednesday’s welcome came with a red carpet, which members of the US military meticulously inspected and cleaned on their hands and knees right before Xi and Peng’s arrival. A photo of that scene was widely shared on Chinese social media, where many netizens seemed both bemused and struck by the sight of Americans quite literally bending over backward for their Chinese guests, with one popular Weibo account (@提刀探花在缅北) writing: “This is a scene that we will remember for decades.”

Red-carpet preparation at Joint Base Andrews

 

At the White House welcome ceremony on Thursday (Sep 24), where both leaders delivered remarks, Trump touched on the history of war and mentioned the American volunteer fighter group in China — the Flying Tigers — saying:

🗣️ “If we focus on our common interest, I’m confident there is much we can achieve. Throughout history, the pursuit of those common interests has connected our people across the vast oceans, across big, tremendous distances and many differences, and even made us allies in World War II. Look at the greatness we had together fighting in World War II.”

After the Washington summit concluded, Trump posted on Truth Social, calling the meeting one of “Friendship, Strength, and Success, for both China and the U.S.A.,” and adding that he looked forward to the next US-China meeting in November.

 

Historical Memory at the White House

 

But why did the special treatment given to the Chinese delegation in the US seem to matter so much in China, especially considering the ubiquitous anti-American sentiment of recent years? Not only did official media highlight it, but it also resonated strongly with netizens and became the defining story about this meeting on social media.

It goes much deeper than flattery.

Narratives of “never…

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China Insight

Blame Games & Bad Signs: Nepal–Tibet Floods, Huawei’s Toilet Trouble, “Screwed” Graduates

How the Nepal–Tibet floods are being discussed on Chinese social media. From solidarity and sadness over Gyirong to censorship and anger at Taiwanese, Indian, and Western media.

Manya Koetse

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Welcome back to China Trend Watch (Week 34–35 | 2026), my regular tour through the latest trends, memes, and debates driving conversation across Chinese social media. I’m Manya Koetse, a sinologist specializing in Chinese digital culture.

 

In this edition:

  • Teachers get shamed for their students’ bad grades
  • Why the Nepal–Tibet floods sparked arguments about blame, BBC reporting, and Chinese censorship
  • Huawei doesn’t appreciate viral toilet humor
  • Dads are carrying mattresses into Peking University
  • Chinese graduates are getting “screwed” by a million-dollar company

 


 

🗞️ QUICK SCROLLS

 

🧑‍🏫 A teacher “shame photo” taken at a local education meeting in Liangshan, Sichuan, has sparked nationwide outrage. A group of primary school teachers was forced to pose in front of a giant “SHAME” sign because their classes’ average final exam scores were below 30. “This isn’t merely ‘shame’—it’s outright public humiliation,” one commenter wrote. Liangshan’s education bureau confirmed the photo was real and said it was “puzzled” by the practice; the Leibo County government has apologized and launched an investigation.

 

Teachers lined up in front of a big screen that says: “Group photo of primary-school teachers whose classes averaged below 30 points in the 2025–2026 end-of-year examinations”

 

🥬 “Chemical cabbages” (药水白菜) or “formaldehyde cabbages” (甲醛白菜) have been a major topic on Chinese social media after a Chinese investigative vlogger captured workers in Kangbao, Hebei, dipping cabbages into formaldehyde solution before loading them onto trucks. This procedure, which allegedly adds 2–3 extra days of shelf life, is illegal: formaldehyde is a Group 1 carcinogen.

🍫 It’s been a bad week for Mars-owned chocolate brand Dove. A marketing campaign suggesting that a girl received a box of chocolates from a man she was flirting with while her boyfriend was away (“趁男友不在”) drew anger online. Then the brand’s apology also became a massive failure: when it was flagged as 100% AI-generated, Chinese netizens had little sympathy left for the brand.

💸 A “century-old” shark fin soup served by a Shanghai restaurant for no less than 4,800 yuan (US$715) per bowl (!) has gone viral for its exorbitant price and claims that it has been “simmering for more than 100 years,” since the late Qing dynasty. There was plenty of skepticism about the soup, but also disbelief that anyone would spend an ordinary person’s entire monthly living budget on a single bowl of soup.

👩‍💻 An eighth-grader from Shanghai earned 18,000 yuan (US$2,678) in three days using AI. Despite her limited programming experience, the 13-year-old placed third in a marketing hackathon, where teams had 48 hours to develop and market an entire AI product. She launched a study-companion app called “Being There” (在场) that 92 people bought. Although Chinese media praised her, commenters were critical, suggesting she received help from her mother, an influencer on Douyin.

💍 In an aging society where marriage rates have AGAIN dropped, more and more places are making it easier than ever to tie the knot. Registration services are popping up in…

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